Abortion in Russia
This page gives information of type abortion about the country Russia.
See all pages giving information on abortion for particular countries|See all pages giving information about Russia
Contents
Data sources
Abortion data is obtained from Johnston's archive, which in turn relies on a variety of sources. Data is not of high reliability.
Fertility data referenced on this page is drawn from the Human Fertility Database, which is of high reliability. The UN data and the HFD data correlate highly, even though the former is slightly less accurate, so the inconsistency in data sources should not affect broad conclusions. For more detailed fertility data, see the fertility in Russia page.
Qualitative history of relevant events
See Wikipedia:Abortion in Russia.
Year | Event | Postulated effects seen in abortion statistics |
---|---|---|
1920 | Abortion was made legal by the Bolshevik government as part of their "Decree on Women's Healthcare" -- it was seen as a temporary necessity given that many women were not financially prepared to have kids because of the devastation caused by the war. | No data available |
1936 | Abortion was made illegal because the leader, Joseph Stalin, wanted a larger population for greater national power. The law was unpopular. | No data available |
1955 | Abortion was made legal again, shortly following Stalin's death in 1953. | No data available |
1993 | Legal restrictions on sterilization were removed | Decline in the abortion ratio from 1993 to 1994 -- the abortion ratio was quite high in 1992-1993 relative to what it was both earlier and later, suggesting that sterilization might have prevented further rise in the abortion ratio (note that the abortion rate was declining anyway, because the number of pregnancies overall was declining). |
2011 | Legal abortion was restricted to the first 12 weeks after pregnancy, with exception for abortion in the case of rape (22 weeks) and in case of medical necessity (any time prior to birth) | No data available (too recent) |
Abortion ratio and abortion rate
Year | Abortion ratio | Abortion ratio minus previous year's abortion ratio | Abortion rate | Abortion rate minus previous year's abortion rate |
---|---|---|---|---|
1957 | 1216.9 | |||
1958 | 1382.2 | 165.3 | ||
1959 | 1492.8 | 110.6 | 165 | |
1960 | 1571.7 | 78.9 | 109.8 | -55.2 |
1961 | 1787.7 | 216 | 118.2 | 8.4 |
1962 | 1983.9 | 196.2 | 124.6 | 6.4 |
1963 | 2202.1 | 218.2 | 130.7 | 6.1 |
1964 | 2533.6 | 331.5 | 137.3 | 6.6 |
1965 | 2744.7 | 211.1 | 139.4 | 2.1 |
1966 | 2718.7 | -26 | 135 | -4.4 |
1967 | 2703.9 | -14.8 | 125.4 | -9.6 |
1968 | 2682.6 | -21.3 | 120.8 | -4.6 |
1969 | 2571.5 | -111.1 | 116.4 | -4.4 |
1970 | 2541.2 | -30.3 | 136.6 | 20.2 |
1971 | 2450.4 | -90.8 | 114.9 | -21.7 |
1972 | 2365.6 | -84.8 | 112.3 | -2.6 |
1973 | 2379.9 | 14.3 | 111.4 | -0.9 |
1974 | 2247.3 | -132.6 | 109.6 | -1.8 |
1975 | 2217.7 | -29.6 | 129.4 | 19.8 |
1976 | 2216 | -1.7 | 111.5 | -17.9 |
1977 | 2172.8 | -43.2 | 110.1 | -1.4 |
1978 | 2136.8 | -36 | 110 | -0.1 |
1979 | 2084.2 | -52.6 | 108 | -2 |
1980 | 2045.7 | -38.5 | 123.1 | 15.1 |
1981 | 1967.6 | -78.1 | 106.1 | -17 |
1982 | 1917 | -50.6 | 124.3 | 18.2 |
1983 | 1742 | -175 | 104.8 | -19.5 |
1984 | 1810.2 | 68.2 | 124 | 19.2 |
1985 | 1916.7 | 106.5 | 121.5 | -2.5 |
1986 | 1842.1 | -74.6 | 124 | 2.5 |
1987 | 1754.3 | -87.8 | 101.9 | -22.1 |
1988 | 1962.5 | 208.2 | 126.6 | 24.7 |
1989 | 2049.3 | 86.8 | 122.7 | -3.9 |
1990 | 2063.2 | 13.9 | 114 | -8.7 |
1991 | 2090.9 | 27.7 | 100.3 | -13.7 |
1992 | 2204.3 | 113.4 | 95 | -5.3 |
1993 | 2352.4 | 148.1 | 88.4 | -6.6 |
1994 | 2202.2 | -150.2 | 82.4 | -6 |
1995 | 2058.1 | -144.1 | 73.9 | -8.5 |
1996 | 2077.3 | 19.2 | 69 | -4.9 |
1997 | 2018.9 | -58.4 | 65 | -4 |
1998 | 1857.8 | -161.1 | 61 | -4 |
1999 | 1819.7 | -38.1 | 56.2 | -4.8 |
2000 | 1714.4 | -105.3 | 55 | -1.2 |
2001 | 1630.2 | -84.2 | 51.8 | -3.2 |
2002 | 1409.5 | -220.7 | 48.7 | -3.1 |
2003 | 1296.2 | -113.3 | 46.6 | -2.1 |
2004 | 1228.3 | -67.9 | 45.1 | -1.5 |
2005 | 1223.5 | -4.8 | 43.7 | -1.4 |
2006 | 1085.5 | -138 | 40.3 | -3.4 |
2007 | 918.6 | -166.9 | 38 | -2.3 |
2008 | 808.4 | -110.2 | 36.1 | -1.9 |
2009 | 733.6 | -74.8 | 34.2 | -1.9 |
2010 | 663 | -70.6 | 31.9 | -2.3 |
2011 | 626.1 | -36.9 | ||
2012 | 564.8 | -61.3 |
Relation between abortion and fertility
The third and fifth columns (abortion-adjusted birth and fertility measures) are not standard demographic variables but have simply been computed to give a better intuition about the maximum extent to which abortion availability could have directly affected fertility. In particular, note that abortions undertaken in a given year may substitute for a birth next year, so the year-to-year data has some inconsistencies. Also, because detailed age-specific abortion data was not available, the abortion-adjusted TFR does not take into account the age distribution of abortions but simply uses the abortion ratio to adjust the TFR (in the same way as for the CBR), therefore the measure is incorrect.
Year | Crude birth rate (CBR) | Abortion-adjusted crude birth rate (if every abortion had been substituted by a birth) | Total fertility rate (TFR) | Abortion-adjusted TFR (Crude estimate without considering age distribution of mothers undergoing abortions) | Abortion ratio | Abortion rate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1957 | 1216.9 | |||||
1958 | 1382.2 | |||||
1959 | 23.61 | 58.855008 | 2.583 | 6.4389024 | 1492.8 | 165 |
1960 | 23.16 | 59.560572 | 2.556 | 6.5732652 | 1571.7 | 109.8 |
1961 | 21.86 | 60.939122 | 2.458 | 6.8521666 | 1787.7 | 118.2 |
1962 | 20.14 | 60.095746 | 2.34 | 6.982326 | 1983.9 | 124.6 |
1963 | 18.72 | 59.943312 | 2.283 | 7.3103943 | 2202.1 | 130.7 |
1964 | 16.88 | 59.647168 | 2.16 | 7.632576 | 2533.6 | 137.3 |
1965 | 15.71 | 58.829237 | 2.087 | 7.8151889 | 2744.7 | 139.4 |
1966 | 15.34 | 57.044858 | 2.098 | 7.8018326 | 2718.7 | 135 |
1967 | 14.42 | 53.410238 | 2.006 | 7.4300234 | 2703.9 | 125.4 |
1968 | 14.07 | 51.814182 | 1.97 | 7.254722 | 2682.6 | 120.8 |
1969 | 14.24 | 50.85816 | 1.984 | 7.085856 | 2571.5 | 116.4 |
1970 | 14.61 | 51.736932 | 1.995 | 7.064694 | 2541.2 | 136.6 |
1971 | 15.08 | 52.032032 | 2.024 | 6.9836096 | 2450.4 | 114.9 |
1972 | 15.3 | 51.49368 | 2.027 | 6.8220712 | 2365.6 | 112.3 |
1973 | 15.06 | 50.901294 | 1.962 | 6.6313638 | 2379.9 | 111.4 |
1974 | 15.61 | 50.690353 | 1.995 | 6.4783635 | 2247.3 | 109.6 |
1975 | 15.71 | 50.550067 | 1.971 | 6.3420867 | 2217.7 | 129.4 |
1976 | 15.9 | 51.1344 | 1.953 | 6.280848 | 2216 | 111.5 |
1977 | 15.86 | 50.320608 | 1.918 | 6.0854304 | 2172.8 | 110.1 |
1978 | 15.91 | 49.906488 | 1.899 | 5.9567832 | 2136.8 | 110 |
1979 | 15.81 | 48.761202 | 1.865 | 5.752033 | 2084.2 | 108 |
1980 | 15.91 | 48.457087 | 1.863 | 5.6741391 | 2045.7 | 123.1 |
1981 | 16.07 | 47.689332 | 1.882 | 5.5850232 | 1967.6 | 106.1 |
1982 | 16.63 | 48.50971 | 1.956 | 5.705652 | 1917 | 124.3 |
1983 | 17.57 | 48.17694 | 2.088 | 5.725296 | 1742 | 104.8 |
1984 | 16.97 | 47.689094 | 2.051 | 5.7637202 | 1810.2 | 124 |
1985 | 16.61 | 48.446387 | 2.051 | 5.9821517 | 1916.7 | 121.5 |
1986 | 17.25 | 49.026225 | 2.177 | 6.1872517 | 1842.1 | 124 |
1987 | 17.2 | 47.37396 | 2.229 | 6.1393347 | 1754.3 | 101.9 |
1988 | 16.03 | 47.488875 | 2.142 | 6.345675 | 1962.5 | 126.6 |
1989 | 14.66 | 44.702738 | 2.018 | 6.1534874 | 2049.3 | 122.7 |
1990 | 13.44 | 41.169408 | 1.894 | 5.8017008 | 2063.2 | 114 |
1991 | 12.09 | 37.368981 | 1.733 | 5.3565297 | 2090.9 | 100.3 |
1992 | 10.69 | 34.253967 | 1.549 | 4.9634607 | 2204.3 | 95 |
1993 | 9.38 | 31.445512 | 1.37 | 4.592788 | 2352.4 | 88.4 |
1994 | 9.59 | 30.709098 | 1.395 | 4.467069 | 2202.2 | 82.4 |
1995 | 9.27 | 28.348587 | 1.338 | 4.0917378 | 2058.1 | 73.9 |
1996 | 8.88 | 27.326424 | 1.271 | 3.9112483 | 2077.3 | 69 |
1997 | 8.59 | 25.932351 | 1.219 | 3.6800391 | 2018.9 | 65 |
1998 | 8.76 | 25.034328 | 1.233 | 3.5236674 | 1857.8 | 61 |
1999 | 8.32 | 23.459904 | 1.158 | 3.2652126 | 1819.7 | 56.2 |
2000 | 8.7 | 23.61528 | 1.196 | 3.2464224 | 1714.4 | 55 |
2001 | 9.05 | 23.80331 | 1.224 | 3.2193648 | 1630.2 | 51.8 |
2002 | 9.69 | 23.348055 | 1.287 | 3.1010265 | 1409.5 | 48.7 |
2003 | 10.22 | 23.467164 | 1.333 | 3.0608346 | 1296.2 | 46.6 |
2004 | 10.45 | 23.285735 | 1.341 | 2.9881503 | 1228.3 | 45.1 |
2005 | 10.18 | 22.63523 | 1.288 | 2.863868 | 1223.5 | 43.7 |
2006 | 10.39 | 21.668345 | 1.296 | 2.702808 | 1085.5 | 40.3 |
2007 | 11.33 | 21.737738 | 1.406 | 2.6975516 | 918.6 | 38 |
2008 | 12.08 | 21.845472 | 1.494 | 2.7017496 | 808.4 | 36.1 |
2009 | 12.41 | 21.513976 | 1.537 | 2.6645432 | 733.6 | 34.2 |
2010 | 12.61 | 20.97043 | 1.569 | 2.609247 | 663 | 31.9 |
2011 | 626.1 | |||||
2012 | 564.8 |