Fertility in East and South-East Asia
(Redirected from Fertility in ESEA)
The East and South-East Asia (ESEA) region is characterized by ultra-low fertility -- fertility that is well below the replacement fertility level of 2.1, suggesting imminent population decline without immigration. This page provides information on fertility in the region.
Plunge into below-replacement fertility
Last year of fertility at or above replacement
The replacement fertility value is taken as 2.1 here.
| Country | Fertility information | Last year when the total fertility rate (TFR) was at or above replacement according to Human Fertility Database data | Last year when the TFR was at or above replacement, according to United Nations data |
|---|---|---|---|
| Japan | fertility in Japan | 1973 | 1972 |
| Taiwan | fertility in Taiwan | 1983 | 1983 |
| Singapore | fertility in Singapore | unavailable | 1975 or 1976 (value in 1976 just barely at replacement) |
| South Korea | fertility in South Korea | unavailable | 1983 |
| China | fertility in China | unavailable | 1992 |
Minimum values
| Country | Fertility information | Minimum TFR value according to Human Fertility Database data | Year of recorded minimum | Minimum TFR value according to United Nations data | Year of recorded minimum |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Japan | fertility in Japan | 1.254 | 2005 | 1.3 | 2003 |
| Taiwan | fertility in Taiwan | 0.887 | 2010 | 0.895 | 2010 |
| Singapore | fertility in Singapore | unavailable | -- | 1.247 | 2009 |
| South Korea | fertility in South Korea | unavailable | -- | 1.195 | 2005 |
| China | fertility in China | unavailable | -- | 1.51 | 2000 |
Data on period fertility
Below is compiled data on the total fertility rate based on both Human Fertility Database and United Nations data. Blank cells indicate that data was not available for the given year.
| Year | Japan HFD | Japan UN | Taiwan HFD | Taiwan UN | Singapore UN | South Korea UN | China UN |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1947 | 4.566 | 4.51 | 5.5535 | 5.199 | |||
| 1948 | 4.444 | 4.38 | 6.60352 | 5.59 | 4.906 | ||
| 1949 | 4.357 | 4.3 | 5.537 | ||||
| 1950 | 3.672 | 3.51 | 6.293 | 6.487 | 4.023 | 5.292 | |
| 1951 | 3.281 | 3.367 | 6.538 | 4.326 | 5.262 | ||
| 1952 | 2.995 | 3.096 | 6.62 | 4.886 | 5.973 | ||
| 1953 | 2.713 | 2.856 | 6.661 | 5.353 | 5.669 | ||
| 1954 | 2.502 | 2.647 | 6.467 | 6.661 | 5.728 | 5.955 | |
| 1955 | 2.383 | 2.468 | 6.62 | 6.01 | 5.978 | ||
| 1956 | 2.236 | 2.32 | 6.51 | 6.538 | 6.201 | 5.605 | |
| 1957 | 2.058 | 2.201 | 6.415 | 6.305 | 6.205 | ||
| 1958 | 2.129 | 2.11 | 6.254 | 6.325 | 5.496 | ||
| 1959 | 2.061 | 2.044 | 6.055 | 6.272 | 4.266 | ||
| 1960 | 2.008 | 2.001 | 5.821 | 6.155 | 4.3 | ||
| 1961 | 1.963 | 1.976 | 5.59 | 5.557 | 5.989 | 5 | |
| 1962 | 1.974 | 1.965 | 5.27 | 5.789 | 6 | ||
| 1963 | 2.001 | 1.965 | 4.967 | 5.574 | 6.1 | ||
| 1964 | 2.045 | 1.97 | 4.658 | 5.357 | 6.12 | ||
| 1965 | 2.145 | 1.98 | 4.356 | 5.157 | 6.022 | ||
| 1966 | 1.579 | 1.997 | 4.82 | 4.074 | 4.987 | 6.211 | |
| 1967 | 2.224 | 2.02 | 3.815 | 4.845 | 5.252 | ||
| 1968 | 2.127 | 2.048 | 3.582 | 4.725 | 6.37 | ||
| 1969 | 2.119 | 2.077 | 3.375 | 4.624 | 5.67 | ||
| 1970 | 2.129 | 2.101 | 3.19 | 4.527 | 5.746 | ||
| 1971 | 2.153 | 2.113 | 3.71 | 3.014 | 4.414 | 5.396 | |
| 1972 | 2.138 | 2.109 | 2.836 | 4.27 | 4.92 | ||
| 1973 | 2.135 | 2.087 | 2.652 | 4.088 | 4.506 | ||
| 1974 | 2.04 | 2.048 | 2.461 | 3.867 | 4.15 | ||
| 1975 | 1.9 | 1.997 | 2.272 | 3.618 | 3.576 | ||
| 1976 | 1.84 | 1.94 | 3.064 | 3.09 | 2.096 | 3.358 | 3.254 |
| 1977 | 1.786 | 1.885 | 2.67 | 1.945 | 3.107 | 2.866 | |
| 1978 | 1.774 | 1.838 | 2.661 | 2.715 | 1.827 | 2.881 | 2.743 |
| 1979 | 1.751 | 1.802 | 2.6 | 2.67 | 1.743 | 2.686 | 2.798 |
| 1980 | 1.731 | 1.777 | 2.449 | 2.515 | 1.82 | 2.521 | 2.316 |
| 1981 | 1.726 | 1.761 | 2.39 | 2.455 | 1.78 | 2.378 | 2.713 |
| 1982 | 1.755 | 1.751 | 2.266 | 2.32 | 1.74 | 2.243 | 2.618 |
| 1983 | 1.788 | 1.741 | 2.112 | 2.17 | 1.61 | 2.11 | 2.72 |
| 1984 | 1.8 | 1.73 | 2.014 | 2.055 | 1.62 | 1.979 | 2.769 |
| 1985 | 1.757 | 1.715 | 1.854 | 1.88 | 1.61 | 1.856 | 2.811 |
| 1986 | 1.719 | 1.695 | 1.645 | 1.68 | 1.43 | 1.752 | 2.826 |
| 1987 | 1.689 | 1.67 | 1.673 | 1.7 | 1.62 | 1.674 | 2.806 |
| 1988 | 1.657 | 1.641 | 1.823 | 1.855 | 1.96 | 1.628 | 2.745 |
| 1989 | 1.576 | 1.607 | 1.669 | 1.68 | 1.75 | 1.61 | 2.644 |
| 1990 | 1.543 | 1.571 | 1.793 | 1.81 | 1.83 | 1.614 | 2.506 |
| 1991 | 1.537 | 1.535 | 1.709 | 1.72 | 1.73 | 1.631 | 2.342 |
| 1992 | 1.506 | 1.499 | 1.721 | 1.73 | 1.72 | 1.65 | 2.171 |
| 1993 | 1.464 | 1.467 | 1.751 | 1.76 | 1.74 | 1.659 | 2.009 |
| 1994 | 1.507 | 1.438 | 1.746 | 1.755 | 1.71 | 1.654 | 1.865 |
| 1995 | 1.426 | 1.413 | 1.768 | 1.775 | 1.67 | 1.632 | 1.746 |
| 1996 | 1.43 | 1.392 | 1.763 | 1.76 | 1.66 | 1.59 | 1.656 |
| 1997 | 1.392 | 1.372 | 1.772 | 1.77 | 1.61 | 1.537 | 1.591 |
| 1998 | 1.388 | 1.354 | 1.469 | 1.465 | 1.48 | 1.476 | 1.546 |
| 1999 | 1.347 | 1.337 | 1.556 | 1.555 | 1.47 | 1.413 | 1.52 |
| 2000 | 1.359 | 1.322 | 1.683 | 1.68 | 1.6 | 1.352 | 1.51 |
| 2001 | 1.336 | 1.31 | 1.405 | 1.4 | 1.41 | 1.298 | 1.514 |
| 2002 | 1.318 | 1.303 | 1.337 | 1.34 | 1.37 | 1.254 | 1.527 |
| 2003 | 1.29 | 1.3 | 1.231 | 1.235 | 1.27 | 1.221 | 1.546 |
| 2004 | 1.288 | 1.301 | 1.177 | 1.18 | 1.26 | 1.201 | 1.566 |
| 2005 | 1.254 | 1.307 | 1.116 | 1.115 | 1.26 | 1.195 | 1.585 |
| 2006 | 1.313 | 1.317 | 1.108 | 1.115 | 1.28 | 1.2 | 1.602 |
| 2007 | 1.331 | 1.329 | 1.091 | 1.1 | 1.29 | 1.212 | 1.617 |
| 2008 | 1.36 | 1.343 | 1.05 | 1.05 | 1.28 | 1.228 | 1.63 |
| 2009 | 1.361 | 1.359 | 1.022 | 1.03 | 1.257 | 1.247 | 1.642 |
| 2010 | 1.374 | 0.887 | 0.895 | 1.261 | 1.266 | 1.65 | |
| 2011 | 1.389 | 1.065 | 1.267 | 1.285 | 1.657 | ||
| 2012 | 1.405 | 1.265 | 1.275 | 1.303 | 1.663 |